Devcon 8·Agentic Hub·What ERC-8004 actually means

What happens after the payment.

One x402 call from our main-stage trial on Celo, a Kleros ruling,
and what the review should say after it.

The payment is where the evidence starts.

Fortunato CinquepalmiProduct Lead, Kleros

with Lena Hierzi · Celo Core Co and Harpreet Singh · Namespace

Our main-stage trial · 3 Nov 2026 · Celo mainnet

One x402 call. Paid, disputed, ruled, reviewed.

Agent #10024 · the buyer Provider #10025
Celothe payment
Kleros Courtcase 329
ERC-8004Celo

01Pay00:08:27

#10024 → #10025

0.01 USD₮ through x402

02DeliverGot none of the three

Asked for a “Celo market report” with

pricevolumesources

03Dispute00:08:37

Kleros case 329 filed
court 34 · 5 jurors

−10000:08:44

on Provider #10025

“dispute”

written by the agent

04Rulingruled

The jurors: Accept the claim

05Back on ERC-800401:06

−100“ruling · complainant-wins”on Provider #10025
+100“ruling · complaint-upheld”on Agent #10024

UTC · 3 Nov 2026

00:08:27 00:08:37 · 00:08:44 58 min 01:06:26 · 01:06:29

Celo mainnet txs 0xede5…01b5a (payment), 0x027a…4cb3, 0x0ae4…a778, 0xbde5…34ed (reviews), read 5 Nov 2026 · Kleros Court V2 case 329, court 34 · github.com/GigaHierz/agent-on-trial

After the ruling

A ruling decides. Who makes it happen?

Escrow · my x402 kit

My reference implementation, not audited
Buyer
Escrow
Seller
0.01
  • The money waits in escrow, not with the seller.
  • The ruling executes inside the Court’s own transaction.
  • The refund happens by itself.

A refused refund can’t happen here.

Direct · our trial on Celo

Case 329
Agent #10024
No escrow
Provider #10025
0.01 USD₮
  • The trial’s 0.01 USD₮ went straight to #10025.
  • The ruling cannot move it. Only the seller can refund.

Then the review depends on the seller (my kit’s scores)

Refunds within the grace period+100ruling-honored
Doesn’t refund−100ruling-not-honored
Refunds latethe −100 is revoked and replaced

In escrow, honouring a ruling is automatic. Direct, it’s a choice.

My x402 kit: docs/FEEDBACK.md, github.com/fortuvp/kleros-x402-kit (reference implementation, not audited): on the escrow rail the refund happens inside the Court’s own transaction · Trial: Celo tx 0xede5…01b5a paid the provider directly, read 5 Nov 2026

The tricky one · for the discussion

The seller lost and paid back.What should its review say?

What happenedToday in my kitWhat it tells a reader

No dispute at all+100"order-completed"A clean order.
Escrow: the refund was enforced+100"ruling-honored"It lost. It had no choice.
Direct: it refunded on time+100"ruling-honored"It lost, and chose to comply.
Direct: it kept the money−100"ruling-not-honored"It ignored the court.

Today, a lost case that was refunded looks like a clean order.

Two questions for the room

for the discussion, not a product or a standard
1

Escrow: it had no choice. Should it be −10?

The escrow paid the refund, not the seller. A loss that fades, back in 6 months.

2

Direct: it chose to comply. Negative, +50 or +100?

It lost the case, then paid back by itself. Is obeying a ruling worth credit?

My x402 kit: KlerosFeedbackRouter.sol and docs/FEEDBACK.md, github.com/fortuvp/kleros-x402-kit (reference implementation, not audited) · Questions for the discussion; −10, back in 6 months, is the mistake penalty in my licence-points proposal

Discoverability · illustrative

An empty ID fills up.

ERC-8004 IDillustrative, not a real agent
ID#… Registration filethe owner wrote it; nothing checks it
  1. 1

    Feedback, anycheap to fake

    Anyone but the owner and its operators can write it.

  2. 2

    Feedback with a paymentnever checked by the contract

    A proof of payment points to a transaction. Optional.

  3. 3

    Collateral: a bond

    The agent is backed by a bond, open to challenge. A false claim loses it.

  4. 4

    A dispute

    Someone objected, with evidence.

  5. 5

    A rulinglike case 329: −100 on the provider, +100 on the buyer

    A court decided, and the review came back on chain.

What a search can rank it on

Its description only

8004scan’s #1 for “dispute resolution” won on its description. Its file doesn’t load.

How many reviews

Open to sybils.

How many distinct payers

x402 Bazaar: relevance, recent calls, unique payers.

Money at stake

A successful challenge takes the bond.

Open disputes

Who objected, and on what evidence.

Rulings won or honoured

What a court decided, and whether it was honoured.

Each layer is something a search can rank. Without them, it ranks the description.

Illustrative · ERC-8004 spec: no search function; nothing checks the registration file · 8004scan public search, q="dispute resolution", 4 Nov 2026
docs.cdp.coinbase.com/x402/bazaar · Agent Reputation by Kleros: agents backed by a bond, open to challenge · Kleros case 329 reviews on Celo, read 5 Nov 2026

Curate · collateral, made simple

Put money behind the claim. Let anyone check it.

01

List

The agent goes on a Curate list with a bond, under a published policy: what it claims to do.

bond

02

Challenge

Anyone who thinks the claim is false brings evidence and puts up a stake: half the bond, plus the court fee. Any time.

stake · ½ bond + fee

03

Kleros Court rules

Claim false: the agent is removed. The challenger takes the bond.

Claim holds: the agent stays. The challenger’s stake is added to its bond.

An honest agent keeps its bond. A false claim pays whoever catches it.

Stake Curate, docs.kleros.io/products/stake-curate: a listing stays open to challenge for as long as it is listed · PermanentGTCR.sol: the challenger stakes half the item’s bond plus the arbitration fee; wins, the item is removed and the challenger gets the bond; loses, its stake is added to the item’s bond · agent-reputation.kleros.io

The ladder

Each rung costs more to fake.

  1. The claimIts own registration file.Nothing
  2. A reviewAnyone but its owner and operators can write one.Gas and a second wallet
  3. A paid reviewA review with a proof of payment.Fees. Pay yourself and the money comes back.
  4. A bondListed with a bond, on a list anyone can challenge.The bond, once someone challenges
  5. A rulingJurors read the policy and the evidence.You would have to win the case

One way to order it. New ideas welcome.

9 in 10

registered agents: nothing above this rung.

Marker: 8004scan API, mainnets, 4 Nov 2026 20:18 UTC: 1,881,538 agents, 194,236 with a review.
Rungs: ERC-8004 spec (Draft, last change 25 Jan 2026); docs.kleros.io, Agent Reputation.

My proposal · for the discussion
A proposal, not a product or a standard

Weigh by rung. Free reviews barely count.

Points by rung, out of 100

  1. 5Rulings won or honoured+6 each, last 24 monthsup to18
  2. 4Bond at stake, and a courtbond up to 30 · disputes go to a court 1030+10
  3. 3Distinct paying clients+0.5 each, last 12 months, only payers with a record of their ownup to40
  4. 2Free reviews+0.01 each; they’re cheap to fakeup to2
  5. 1The claimits own registration file0

0 + 2 + 40 + 30 + 10 + 18 = 100

Penalties

  • Mistake, paid on timeback in 6 months−10
  • Ruling ignoredscore capped at 40−40
  • Fraud found by a courtfor that ID, for good0

Two scores · worked examples

82
a well-run agent with no rulings yet
42
a new ID, at most, before its first independent client

A proposal for the discussion, not a product or a standard. Inspired by licence points (art. 126‑bis CdS). 82: bond, court, 500 free reviews, 100 paying clients with records of their own, no rulings. 42: bond, court and free reviews, before any independent paying client.

The payment is where the evidence starts.

Three questions for the discussion

  1. 01

    Should a seller that complies with a ruling be rewarded, or only forgiven?

  2. 02

    Should a refund the escrow enforced look the same as one the seller chose to pay?

  3. 03

    What should a search need to see before it ranks an agent?

Fortunato CinquepalmiProduct Lead, Kleros
Agent Reputation by Kleros agent-reputation.kleros.io docs.kleros.iogithub.com/kleros/reputation-oracle My reference kit, not auditedgithub.com/fortuvp/kleros-x402-kit
My proposal · for the discussion
A proposal, not a product or a standard

A licence, not a life sentence.

Points, out of 100

  • Bond at stakeup to30
  • Disputes go to a court10
  • Free reviewsthey’re cheap to fakeup to2
  • Distinct paying clients+0.5 each, 12 months, payers with a record of their ownup to40
  • Rulings won or honoured+6 each, last 24 monthsup to18

Penalties

  • Mistake, paid on timeback in 6 months−10
  • Ruling ignoredscore capped at 40−40
  • Fraud found by a courtfor that ID, for good0

Three agents · illustrative

mended.agent78→88after 6 months
defiant.agent40→12once removed
fraud.agent0for good

A new ID starts at 42 at most. The rest has to be earned again.

Weights are a proposal for this discussion. Baseline agent: bond, court, 500 free reviews, 100 paying clients with records of their own = 82. Inspired by licence points (art. 126‑bis CdS) and Friedman & Resnick, “The Social Cost of Cheap Pseudonyms” (2001).

The session question

Can the provider leave feedback?

Payer feedback Provider

Yes, if the provider has an agentId.

The usual direction.

Provider feedback Payer

Yes, only if the payer has its own agentId.

x402 gives you a wallet, not an agent.

Nobody reviews themselves: the owner and its operators can't write.

ERC-8004 feedback file
"proofOfPayment": {
  "fromAddress": "0x…",
  "toAddress": "0x…",
  "chainId": "…",
  "txHash": "0x…"
}

Optional. Off-chain.The contract never checks it.

Seen on Celo yesterday
0.01 USD₮ paid 4 blocks later feedback with its proof of payment
  • reviewer ≠ payer
  • payee ≠ the agent's wallet
  • nothing says what was delivered
In flight

ERC-8478draft, 30 Oct

binds the x402 payee to the agent's wallet

x402 offer-receiptmerged

signed offers and receipts

ERC-8004 spec: giveFeedback, agentWallet, proofOfPayment. Celo: feedback tx 0x3d4a…117a, payment 0x8e6d…4905, 4 Nov 2026 17:57 UTC. ERC-8478: ethereum/ERCs PR #2132 (open). offer-receipt: x402-foundation/x402.

Discovery

The standard has no search.Whoever ranks decides.

Registration fileabridged from the spec
…
"services": [
  { "name": "A2A", … },
  { "name": "MCP", … },
  { "name": "web", … }
],
"x402Support": true,
"active": true

Written by the agent’s owner. Nothing checks it.

"dispute resolution" an ERC-8004 explorer
#1

Its file doesn’t load. No reviews.

It wins on its description.

x402 Bazaar

Ranked on relevance, recent calls and unique payers.

New endpoints rank low until usage accrues.
30 days without a sale: removed.

Whoever ranks the results runs a reputation system.

Names: Harpreet, in this session. Domains: Lena at 12:40.

ERC-8004 spec: no search function; it "cannot cryptographically guarantee that advertised capabilities are functional".
8004scan public search API, q="dispute resolution", 4 Nov 2026 20:34 UTC. Coinbase CDP x402 Bazaar docs, read 4 Nov 2026.

Backup · read or register an agent

Addresses for the hands-on.

ERC-8004 · mainnetsEthereum, Celo, Base and more

Identity0x8004A169FB4a3325136EB29fA0ceB6D2e539a432

Reputation0x8004BAa17C55a88189AE136b182e5fdA19dE9b63

ERC-8004 · testnetsEthereum Sepolia, Celo Sepolia

Identity0x8004A818BFB912233c491871b3d84c89A494BD9e

Reputation0x8004B663056A597Dffe9eCcC1965A193B7388713

Kleros Verified Agents listsStake Curate: a bond, open to challenge

Sepolia0x3162df9669affa8b6b6ff2147afa052249f00447

Ethereum0x118155741eea23f56b3bd59b0c1342d5daaa6d07no items yet

Kleros reputation oracleIts reviews come from this address

Sepolia0xc770c4F43f84c9e010aE0Ade51be914372B7Cc02

One call getSummary(agentId, [reviewer], "", "") The reviewer list is required.

erc-8004/erc-8004-contracts README; docs.kleros.io/ai-tools/agent-reputation; checked on chain 4 Nov 2026.

Backup · every source

Sources.

Where the numbers in my part come from. Research read 4 Nov 2026, 20:15–21:00 UTC.

  1. ERC-8004 spec: Draft, last change 25 Jan 2026

    eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-8004 · ERCs PR #1458, #1488
  2. Reference contracts and registry addresses

    github.com/erc-8004/erc-8004-contracts
  3. 1.88 million registered · 9 in 10 never reviewed

    8004scan.io dashboard and API · 4 Nov 2026
  4. In July, 2.24% had a working endpoint

    8004scan, “Landscape of Onchain Agents” · 22 Jul 2026
  5. Agent #9904 · a paid call, then its feedback

    Celo mainnet reads · block 81,923,136 · 4 Nov 2026
  6. How much the Validation registry is used

    erc-8004.quicknode.com/validators · 4 Nov 2026
  7. +95 / −95: how the Kleros oracle writes reviews

    github.com/kleros/reputation-oracle · Sepolia reads
  8. Bonds and challenges on Stake Curate

    github.com/kleros/pgtcr · PermanentGTCR.sol
  9. Agent Reputation: a public testnet product

    docs.kleros.io · agent-reputation, stake-curate
  10. What a facilitator sees · signed offers, receipts

    x402-foundation/x402 · v2 spec §7, offer-receipt
  11. ERC-8478: x402 payee verification for agents

    ethereum/ERCs PR #2132 · draft, opened 30 Oct 2026
  12. Bazaar: its ranking weighs recent calls, unique payers

    docs.cdp.coinbase.com/x402 · Bazaar docs, 4 Nov 2026
  13. Escrow, signed delivery, 7 testnet disputes

    github.com/fortuvp/kleros-x402-kit · not audited
  14. Italy: 20 points, all back after 2 clean years

    art. 126-bis, Codice della Strada
  15. UK: points leave the record after 4 years

    gov.uk/penalty-points-endorsements
  16. US credit reports: most negatives gone after 7 years

    15 U.S.C. §1681c (Fair Credit Reporting Act)
  17. eBay: the last 12 months · Uber: the last 500 ratings

    eBay profile feedback · Uber, “How ratings work”
  18. Cheap identities: newcomers “pay their dues”

    Friedman & Resnick · J. Econ. & Mgmt Strategy, 2001